Advantages and disadvantages of Centralized, Decentralized and Client/server

I will discuss the problem of the advantages and disadvantages of centralized, decentralized and Client/server. Accidentally I post about this issue because there is the task of information systems course. We just discussed. ^_^

Centralization

Centralization is the process of assigning decision-making authority to higher levels of the hierarchy of the organization. In an organization, centralized decision-making has moved to a higher level or levels of the organization, such as headquarters, or a company.

Advantages of centralization :

• Easier to coordinate and control from the center

• Faster decision-making is easier to show strong leadership.

• Exchange of data and/or information can be done easily because of the uniformity of storage technology of primary and secondary data.

• Guarantee the establishment of a system that is holistic and coherent in the whole state of the organization because it is standardized and centralized.

Lack of centralization :

• Local managers tend to be much closer to the needs of the customer.

• Lack of authority down the hierarchy may reduce the motivation of managers.

• Customer service does not benefit from flexibility and speed in decision-making local.

• Limited ability to meet the needs of the user.

• Because it will usually lead to a certain standard, often need to be removed the cost is relatively much more expensive compared with the nonstandard.

Decentralization

Decentralization is the process of making decisions and policy to the manager or the people who are on the lower level in an organizational structure.

Advantages Of Decentralization :

• Increased responsibility towards the expenses

• Increased satisfaction of users

• Decisions are made closer to customers.

• Consistent with aiming for a flatter hierarchy.

• Cost savings because not all units that require computing requires computers with the same specifications.

The Shortcomings Of Decentralization :

• Decision making is not always strategic.

• Allows chaos control of a computer system

• Lack of supervision and control

• Security and sharing of information must be verified (norm, indexation, etc.)

Client/Server

Client/Server is a computing that acts as distributed application which has tasks or workloads between the providers of resource or service, called servers. And the applicant a service called client. Characteristics of client / server describes the relationship of the program work together in an application. The server component provides a function or service to one or many clients, which initiate requests for such services.

Advantages of Client / server

• Cost Effective

The system selected for the server can be done separately as well as with the client, as needed. This helps the organization to make the system cost effective to buy the system needs.

• Improved Performance

To increase performance without much effort. For example if the organization decides to go for a system for server side to increase performance this can be done without affecting the users of the client application because the components of client / server computing need not be disturbed in this case.

• Ease of effort and maintenance

If the user interface changes occur the system can be changed with little effort by making changes only in the client side without making changes to the server component.

Disadvantages of Client/server

• Client / server computing is not managed in a centralized and reliability is not much which means if the system should stop in between then the time of real application large will face huge losses in terms of productivity and cost.

• Congestion in the network. Too many requests from clients can mengabitkan congestion. Overload can cause a violation on the down-server.

• Client Server architecture is weak, if the server fails, then the entire network down. And also if an error occurred during the download then the download process will stop altogether.

• Very expensive to install and manage this type of computing.

• Require the professional to maintain the server.

•

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7 Benefits of the Blockchain for the Development of International

The Blockchain is a single technology that can have an impact on the sector of international development as we understand it now. We have previously written an article how the potential of the blockchain in transforming development. In this article, we will review some of the benefits of the blockchain to the development of the international world.

The World Economic Forum has called the blockchain as a “mega trend” and leader of the innovation Department for International Development of the United Kingdom. Tamara Giltsoff Head of Innovation at the Department for International Development (DFID) the United Kingdom, called the blockchain as a game-changer technology the next.

Now the State Department of the United States would like to explore the application of this technology to the work of development and international diplomacy.

The table of the explain the benefits of the blockchain all at once a comparison with the traditional way during this portion we still use.

7 Benefits of the Blockchain to the Development of the World International

Blockchain in the next few years can be expected to be implemented in emerging markets such as Indonesia and other countries.

The potential benefits of the blockchain are very large, but where we can found examples of successful application of the blockchain which is actually?

Through research, conference, meeting, and meeting, some practitioners have tried to identify where and usability of the application use of the blockchain which is suitable to be applied or tested in developing countries.

These trials focused on the applications which can be beneficial for the poor. Today many are developing and will soon launch a List of Impacts, to provide a place of storage of pre-qualification, the case of the original use for developing countries.

Here are some examples of the benefits of the blockchain that is used in some sectors.

1. Disintermediation

Two parties can exchange without supervision or intermediation of a third party, greatly reduce or even eliminate the risk of the counterparty (the third party or the participant, either a bank or customer, with whom the financial transaction is made, or parties that conduct financial transactions).

2. Users are given the power

Its users hold the control over all of the information and their transactions.

3. The Data are of high quality

The Data of Blockchain in a complete, consistent, timely, accurate, and widely available.

4. Durability, reliability, and long lifespan

Because of the network decentralization, blockchain has no central point of failure and more able to withstand any malicious attack.

5. Process integrity

The user can trust that the transaction will be implemented exactly the same as the command protocol and eliminates the need for a third party.

6. Transparent and immutabilitas

Changes on the blockchains public can be viewed openly by all parties that create transparency, and all of the transactions that can not be changed, which means they cannot be changed or deleted.

7. Easy ecosystem

With all the transactions added to the Ledger of the general single public ledger, reduce the clutter and complication of some great books/ledger.

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10 Benefits of Blockchain Technology for Financial Transactions Digital

Here are some of the benefits of technology blockhain for financial transactions and digital banking / fintech.

1. The Technology Of The Blockchain Is Safe

Blockchain technology is very safe and effective. You can get all the transactions are validated when adding a block. It is thanks to the way the system blockchain read a lot more data and very transparent. The Data collected can be read by multiple databases.

Encryption is not included in the system of the blockchain. You can still add encryption if desired. Digital signatures can also be added to confirm a person's identity when using it. Such signatures can also set read / write permissions. This is why researchers say that by 2020 biometric sign will be the technology of digital signatures in general.

The identity of the person working with the system can also be secured if necessary. a proper certificate can be used to allow people to get into the setup and use it. This allows the certificate to be used as a substitute for the name of an actual person. It can work with the setup that makes the individuals from being identified. In some cases the business may be registered but the individual responsible for triggering the transaction will not be registered.

2. Support Additional Controls

You can use the controls more widely over the system of the blockchain that You use. You can customize Your content any way You want. In particular:

● You can create a limit for what a particular party can do with the setup of the blockchain.

● The owner of the central of the data block can be determined. You can customize the identity of the owner to make anyone responsible for a specific part in more accountable.

● Limits can be made with regard to what people can or cannot do with the blockchain. This is especially when You try to keep certain people from accessing certain points.

You can use the blockchain in the case where You need to get many people to read the same data but while also retaining some control or limitation of the use. There is no limit to the amount of protection that You can add to it. This adds to the setup which is not too difficult to use without have to be complicated or too technical.

3. Block Chain is a Solution that is More Durable

Setup blockchain using a series of decentralized network. This allows the blockchain to be read by more parties. As a result, there is no central point of failure. It is easier for the system blockchain in dealing with failures that may develop.

4. Faster Transactions

More transactions in the system account. A system of the blockchain which is universally used with this type of interface (API). This does not require a standard of provider separately.

5. Reduced Transaction Costs

Most of the blockchain is that it does not use third parties to manage the transaction. As a result, the funds will be easy to move without spending too much money for the banking and financial services.

6. Only One Book Needed

You only need one great book to handle a transaction blockchain on your financial statements. This is another benefit of the absence of third parties involved. Therefore, You can process transactions quickly and easily.

7. More Transparent

With the transaction blockchain, You can learn all about what happened. You will learn everything You need to know about an individual blocks by looking at it. You will find details about:

● How many transactions are involved in one block

● The cost of the transaction

● Approximate Volume of the blocks

● Block size

● Who delivered the block

● How much time it takes to get some deals Review

The information will be in the can be very detailed. This does require a little extra technical knowledge in some cases.

8. Blockchain is the Solution of “DIRECT”

System blockchain is created as an immediate solution. All parties involved in the system blockchain can change the chain they found. Information about all before the block is implemented will also be available online. With this, people can get a clear idea about how the system blockchain in an organization work. They will not need to worry about every detail suspicious in the chain of their involvement.

9. Digital Signatures

The last repair on the blockchain for a digital signature. A digital signature is a setup that encrypts the biometric data to a digital code. Using the setup that is difficult to read without the right encryption key. This helps to make security easier for. You should see how the blockchain can be beneficial for Your business. This makes the transaction to be carried out becomes easier, while also fully transparency.

10. Financial Administration Can be More Transparent to the Public

Using the blockchain technology at the central bank, government departments, and business entities of government, can become more transparent in the reporting and the procurement process. In the future, the whole process of project procurement of goods and services in the government can be accessible to the public in real time, and this will be connected on the report of the use of government funds. So that corruption cases can be increasingly narrowed dramatically.

The simplicity that comes through the initial setup easy. Be sure to consider the use of the system blockchain to the operational needs of the business in general from now on. The accountants already have to start more to explore about the workings of the system blockchain for financial recording.

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What Is It A Cryptocurrency? History and Full Explanation

Perhaps among you anyone ever heard about doing business using Bitcoin, Bitcoin payment, or buy credits with Bitcoin. Bitcoin itself is one kind of Cryptocurrency. Then what is actually referred to with Cryptocurrency?

Cryptocurrency consists of the word Crypto and currency, so when viewed in terms of language it means "the Eyes Money Secret", because Crypto means secret and currency is currency. The meaning is slightly similar to the understanding in terms of terminology, namely "currency that is digital and secrets".

So a Cryptocurrency is a currency in digital form(digital/virtual currency) and are also confidential. Of course because of the digital form then there is no physical form, unless you create your own gold or another metal with the same value. But although not physical, this currency still has value, as you can buy a Laptop or a Smartphone from Apple using Bitcoin.

The first Cryptocurrency that was created is Bitcoin, so Bitcoin is the most famous everywhere. Bitcoin
made by an "Anonymous" named Satoshi Nakamoto. Well, after Bitcoin appear, finally appeared also a coin - the coin called Altcoin(Alternative Coin), such as Litecoin and Dogecoin.The properties that distinguish Cryptocurrency with money is its decentralized and secretive. Decentralized means that this currency is not regulated by the person/organization, including the maker themselves. So the price can go up and down, can be expensive last drop falls free so very cheap.

Cryptocurrency is also secretive, because his name is also "Crypto". Cryptocurrency uses cryptographic methods to secure and conceal the transaction. Please be aware that many criminals in the Deepweb a transaction using a Cryptocurrency because it is the FBI also wouldn't know someone send the to another person to pay something, if the use of Cryptocurrency.

Natural way to get a Cryptocurrency that is mined with the computer, but the meaning of the mining it does not mean digging something. The way the computer is mine to resolve the transactions of other users. So as you take care of a transaction other people, then get paid. But this way is very wasteful of money; extravagant cost of electricity and have to use the computer so as not quickly broken used mine.

In addition to mine, there are dozens of other ways to get Cryptocurrency, one that is with the Paid Games like Goldsmugglers.

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